Реферат: Caesar Augustus Essay Research Paper Augustus was

The Second Triumvirate finally gained enough money from the

executions, and defeated the opposing armies. They were now in complete

control of Rome. After their defeats, they divided the Roman empire amongst

themselves. Antony was ruler of Gaul (now present day France) and all the land

east of Italy. Octavian was ruler of north Africa, Sicily, and Spain. All three

ruled the Italian peninsula together. For several years, all went well, until

Lepidus was forced to retire. The rivalry between Octavian and Antony began

again. The feud was not only political, but personal also. Fierce hatred for one

another began when Antony fell in love with Caesar s former lover, Cleopatra.

Antony was already married to Octavian s sister, Octavia. Antony divorced

Octavia, and planned to wed Cleopatra. Cleopatra had a child, and claimed it to

be the son of Caesar. She named him Caesarion. Octavion completely

disputed the child to be that of Caesars. After much tension, came the Battle of

Actium. Octavian s and Antony s fleets met near Actium, Greece on September

3, 31 BCE Though Antony s ships were more armed, Octavian s fleet won. The

following summer, Octavian s army invaded Egypt and captured Alexandria.

Caesarion was killed, and Antony and Cleopatra committed suicide within a

year. Octavian was now the undisputed ruler of the Roman Empire.

Octavian was a great politician. He realized that the Roman people would

oppose his individual rule if it did not appear as if the Republic still existed.

Octavian had to make it seem as if the Senate still had power. In order to keep

the people s support, he did not take any names such as emperor or king.

Instead, he took the name Augustus, meaning honored, or revered one.

Augustus eventually had complete control of everything from the army to the

government. He required every soldier to take an oath of loyalty not to Rome,

but to Augustus, himself. But, Augustus was an excellent ruler. He reformed

Rome, and made improvements to the empire in many ways. He established a

public police department, and a fire brigade to make Rome safer. He repaired

Roman aqueducts, and distributed free grain wherever there was a famine. He