Реферат: Discovery Of The Electron Essay Research Paper

tron, being a fermion, obeys the Pauli exclusion principle.

The electron is the lightest of a family of elementary

particles, the leptons. The other known charged leptons are the

muon and the tau. These three particles differ only in mass;

they have the same spin, charge, strong interactions, and weak

interactions. In a weak interaction a charged lepton is either

unchanged or changed into and uncharged lepton, that is a neutri

no. In the latter case, each charged lepton is seen to change

only into the corresponding neutrino.

The electron has magnetic properties by virtue of (1) its

orbital motion about the nucleus of its parent atom and (2) its

rotation about its own axis. The magnetic properties are best

described through the magnetic dipole movement associated with 1

and 2. The classical analog of the orbital magnetic dipole moment

of a small current-carrying circuit. The electron spin magnetic

dipole moment may be thought of as arising from the circulation

of charge, that is, a current, about the electron axis; but a

classical analog to this moment has much less meaning than that

to the orbital magnetic dipole moment. The magnetic moments of

the electrons in the atoms that make up a solid give rise to the

bulk magnetism of the solid.