Реферат: Henry Viii 2 Essay Research Paper Henry

January, 1533. On 15 April Cranmer received consecration. On 23 May,

Parliament having meanwhile forbidden all appeals to Rome, Cranmer

pronounced Henry’s former marriage invalid. On 28 May he declared the

marriage with Anne valid. On 1 June Anne was crowned, and on 7

September she gave birth to a daughter, the future Queen Elizabeth.

Clement, who had previously sent to Henry more than one monition upon

his desertion of Catherine, issued a Bull of excommunication on 11 July,

declaring, also, his divorce and remarriage null. In England Catherine was

deprived of her title of Queen, and Mary her daughter was treated as a

bastard. Much sympathy was aroused among the populace, to meet

which severe measures were taken against the more conspicuous of the

disaffected, particularly the “Nun of Kent”, who claimed to have had

revelations of God’s displeasure at the recent course of events.

In the course of the next year the breach with Rome was completed.

Parliament did all that was required of it. Annates, Peter’s Pence, and

other payments to Rome were finally abolished. An Act of Succession

entailed the crown on the children of Anne Boleyn, and an oath was

drawn up to be exacted of every person of lawful age. It was the refusal

to take this oath, the preamble of which declared Henry’s marriage with

Catherine null from the beginning, which sent More and Fisher to the

Tower, and eventually to the block. A certain number of Carthusian

monks, Brigittines, and Observant Franciscans imitated their firmness and

shared their fate. All these have been beatified in modern times by Pope

Leo XIII. There were, however, but a handful who were thus true to their

convictions. Declarations were obtained from the clergy in both provinces

“that the Bishop of Rome hath no greater jurisdiction conferred upon him

by God in this kingdom of England than any other foreign bishop”, while

Parliament, in November, declared the king “Supreme Head of the

Church of England”, and shortly afterwards Cromwell, a layman, was