Реферат: NATO Essay Research Paper The North Atlantic
actions. There are two main temporary committees that answer directly to the
council. Those are the Secretariat, which handles non-military functions of the
alliance (economic, scientific, cultural, and environmental issues), and the
Military Committee or the Defense Planning Committee (DPC), which consists of
the chiefs of staff of the various armed forces. They meet to discuss military
policies, develop defense plans for their respective areas, determine the force
requirements, and deploy and exercise the forces under their command. The forces
directly below the DPC are the Allied Commands Europe (was first headed by
Eisenhower), Atlantic, and Channel and the Regional Planning Group (for North
America). To assist in carrying out their global roles, the council and the DPC
have established committees to deal with emergencies and the new threat of
nuclear power. They meet only in a dire situation. However, until the outbreak
of the Korean War in 1950, NATO had no real military structure. The Korean War
was at first perceived as part of a worldwide Communist offensive beginning in
the divided Germany. This perspective lead to the NATO military force that was
explained in the preceding paragraph. Within NATO?s first decade the main
military and security forces have come from the US. Along with this the US was
depended on for the revival of Europe?s economy and polity. The Korean War
also brought an overall expansion of the organization. By 1955, Greece, Turkey,
and the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) had entered as members. The
only provisions for West Germany was not allowed to manufacture NBC (nuclear,
biological, and chemical) weapons. With the rearmament of West Germany in
progress, the USSR and her allies decided to created a treaty organization of
their own. The Warsaw Pact, signed in 1955, combined to powers of Albania,
Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and of course
the USSR. The members of this communist alliance were under strict control of
the soviets headquartered in Moscow. Key posts in these satellite countries were
usually ran by soviet-born or soviet-trained officers and all their equipment
was standardized to the regulations of the USSR. The structure of the Warsaw