Реферат: NATO Essay Research Paper The North Atlantic

actions. There are two main temporary committees that answer directly to the

council. Those are the Secretariat, which handles non-military functions of the

alliance (economic, scientific, cultural, and environmental issues), and the

Military Committee or the Defense Planning Committee (DPC), which consists of

the chiefs of staff of the various armed forces. They meet to discuss military

policies, develop defense plans for their respective areas, determine the force

requirements, and deploy and exercise the forces under their command. The forces

directly below the DPC are the Allied Commands Europe (was first headed by

Eisenhower), Atlantic, and Channel and the Regional Planning Group (for North

America). To assist in carrying out their global roles, the council and the DPC

have established committees to deal with emergencies and the new threat of

nuclear power. They meet only in a dire situation. However, until the outbreak

of the Korean War in 1950, NATO had no real military structure. The Korean War

was at first perceived as part of a worldwide Communist offensive beginning in

the divided Germany. This perspective lead to the NATO military force that was

explained in the preceding paragraph. Within NATO?s first decade the main

military and security forces have come from the US. Along with this the US was

depended on for the revival of Europe?s economy and polity. The Korean War

also brought an overall expansion of the organization. By 1955, Greece, Turkey,

and the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) had entered as members. The

only provisions for West Germany was not allowed to manufacture NBC (nuclear,

biological, and chemical) weapons. With the rearmament of West Germany in

progress, the USSR and her allies decided to created a treaty organization of

their own. The Warsaw Pact, signed in 1955, combined to powers of Albania,

Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and of course

the USSR. The members of this communist alliance were under strict control of

the soviets headquartered in Moscow. Key posts in these satellite countries were

usually ran by soviet-born or soviet-trained officers and all their equipment

was standardized to the regulations of the USSR. The structure of the Warsaw