Реферат: Untitled Essay Research Paper Gifted Chemistry IBAlternative

Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), was undertaken to determine, for the first

time, the extent to which photochemical smog had become a problem in Perth.Measurements of photochemical smog in Perth’s air began in 1989, at a single site in the

suburb of Caversham, 15 kilometers north-east of the city center. Despite the common

perception that Perth is a windy city and therefore not prone to air pollution, the first

summer of measurements revealed that the city was sometimes subjected to smog levels which

approached or exceeded the guidelines recommended by the National Health and Medical

Research Council of Australia (NHMRC).In 1991 the State Energy Commission of Western Australia (SECWA, now Western Power

Corporation) sought to extend the capacity of the gas turbine power station it operated at

Pinjar, some 40 kilometers north of the Perth central business district. In view of the

Caversham data, the Environmental Protection Authority expressed concern that increasing

the NOx emissions at Pinjar could contribute to Perth’s emerging photochemical smog

problem which, at that stage, was poorly defined.A consequent condition on the development at Pinjar was that SECWA undertake a study of

the formation and distribution of photochemical smog in Perth, a particular outcome of

which would be to determine the effect of the Pinjar power station’s emissions on smog in

the region.Given the DEP’s concerns and responsibility in relation to urban air quality, the Perth

Photochemical Smog Study (PPSS) was developed as a jointly operated and managed project,

funded by SECWA and with DEP contributing facilities and scientific expertise.The primary objective of the Perth Photochemical Smog Study was to measure, for the first

time, the magnitude and distribution of photochemical smog concentrations experienced in

the Perth region and to assess these against Australian and international standards, with

consideration given to health and other environmental effects.The study’s monitoring and data analysis program was very successful in defining the

distribution of Perth’s smog. The Perth region experiences photochemical smog during the

warmer months of each year. On average, during the three year period July 1992 to June

1995, there have been 10 days per year on which the peak hourly ozone concentration

exceeded 80 parts per billion (ppb) somewhere over the Perth region.

Bibliography1. Cope, M.C. and Ischtwan, J., 1995, "Perth Photochemical Smog Study, Airshed

Modelling Component", EPA of Victoria, August 1995.2. Minderly, Calvin 1995, "Photochemical Smog and the Okanagan Valley", Okanagan

University Publishings, June 7-8, 1995.3. Pidwirny, Michael, Gow, Tracy, et al. "Photochemical Smog", Microsoft Encarta

1996 Multimedia Encyclopedia. Microsoft Corporation, 1996.4. Woodward, A.J., Calder, I., McMichael, A.J., Pisaniello, D., Scicchitano, R., Steer, K.

and Guest, C.S., 1996, "Options for Revised Air Quality Goals for Ozone