Топик: Билеты по английскому за 11 класс
Meals play an important role in human life. Because it contained indispensable ingredients for life activity of our organism. Such as dioxides, fats, minerals and vitamins. They are contained in fish, vegetables, fruits, meat and other food stuffs . To be healthy man should eat 3 times a day. For lunch people usually eat buiscuits, toasts, sandwiches, cheese and drink coffee or tea with cream and sugar accordingly to your taste . For dinner we eat some soup, salad and fowl, fish or meat with garnish. Many people have to eat out of home in restaurants or in cafes . In such places you can order French fries, hamburgers, cheeseburgers, crisps, pizza and many others, but these meals are very harmful for our health. For the last 10 years in Moscow and in over big cities appeared a lot of restaurants and fast-food cafes. And with each year them becomes ever more. The old restaurants, such as Prague, were advanced, and at the same time has appeared a lot of new. From a net of restaurants of a fast feed(meal) by first has appeared McDonalds, and then Russian bistro Sbarro, Ёlki palki, Patio pizza and т.д Such trade marks as McDonalds , Sbarro and Patio a pizza are known all over the world, and in what you to the country would not be , whether it be Russia, Great Britain or USA quality of meal and е ё of assortment in these restaurants everywhere identical. And such restaurants as Russian bistro and елки палки are only in Russia, and were created on an image and similarity of McDonalds. each of these restaurants has firm dish. For example McDonalds associates with Big Mag Sbarro and Patio a pizza offer very tasty pizzas, in Russian bistro a wide range of pies made on the Russian recipe. But the cheapest and qualitative meal can be found in McDonalds. In Russia unfortunately price level in restaurants of a fast food, and in expensive restaurants very strongly differs and many people simply are not capable to pay the accounts. In Great Britain and in USA considerably more people can visit restaurants. Plus to all service in restaurants of Russia can not be compared with European yet. Also nowadays many restaurants give services in delivery of their most known dishes directly to you home. For this purpose it is necessary only to call and to name that want. In Europe this system exists for a long time, and in Russia it has appeared absolutely recently. In Moscow besides restaurants with Russian there are the restaurants with the Chinese, Japanese, Indian, Turkish and Spanish kitchen witch use the large popularity. But it is not enough of them and the prices same are accessible not to all .
As besides restaurants it is possible to find set of tents in streets of Moscow selling hot meal, but the quality of it very doubtful. I hope that in due course will occur ever more and more restaurants offering tasty, qualitative and useful meal.
8.Speak about shopping in GB and in Russia
Europe dictates a fashion to the whole world. Nowadays France is the centre of fashion. But in the last century her place was occupied by GB. At that time a lot of new modern shops appeared. Now their branches are situated all over the world. you can find . The Most famous of them in London in Oxford Street, Regent Street, and Knightsbridge . Besides book’s ,clothes’, food shops in GB there are a lot of supermarkets and department stores where you can buy everything from a button to a car and furniture.
Here there are the most famous British shops:
The Body shop: sells perfumes, soap, shampoo and skin-care products for men and for women.
Dillons : was open in 1936 as the bookshop to the University of London.
Next: is the a chain of Popular fashion clothes shops for men and women. It became famous for the suits which were worn by the businessmen and businesswomen at the beginning of the 1980s.
W.H.Smith: is a national chain of shops which sells newspapers and magazines. Smith’s also sell books, videos, stationary, pens and office equipment.
Harrods : is the famous London department store
Sainbury’s supermarkets are one of the leaders in food and drink selling in Britain.
But the most famous of British shops all over the world is Marks & Spencer . It attracts a great variety of customers, from housewives to millionaires . Princess Diana, Dustin Hoffman and the British Prime Minister are just a few of its famous customers. Last year it made a profit of £529 million, which is more than £ 10 million a week. It all started 109 years ago, when a young Polish immigrant, Michael Marks, had a stall in Leeds market. He didn’t have many things to sell: some cotton, a little wool, lots of buttons, and few shoelaces. Above his stall he put the notice: “Don’t ask how much-it’s a penny. 10 years later , he met Tom Spencer and together they started Penny Stalls in many towns in the north of England. Today there are 564 brunches of M&S all over the world – in America, Canada, Spain, France, Belgium, and Hungary. In M&S the best selling clothes are :for women: jumpers, bras, and knickers; for men: shirts, socks, pyjamas, dressing gowns, and suits; for children; underwear and socks. Best – sells in food include fresh chickens, bread, vegetables and sandwiches. Why is M&S so successful? The store bases its business on three principles: good value, good quality, and good service. Also it changes with the times –once it was all jumpers and knickers. Now it’s food, furniture and flowers as well .Top fashion designers advise on styles of clothes.
9. Education in GB and in Russia.
As in other countries the vast majority (Огромное большинство) of people in medieval Br were illiterate. Written texts were in Latin and exact of churchman , there was only a small group of professional clerks , who could read and write. And sometimes when you needed something to write down you had to pay one of the clerks for his job.
After the Norman invasion in 1066 Br. started to join social-political life of Europe. In that time the rich families began to employed clerks to teach their children at home. Then church mans began to open schools for boys. After French revolution which brought ideas of social equality . woman began to demand access to some sort of education as boys. In 1874 Gorton Collage and Cambridge afford the first university places for women.
Nowadays everybody has a right to a school place for a child from age 5 to age 16, and a collage place from 16 to 18. This places are provided free of charge. In GB there are 2 steps which is free of charge: this is Primary school ( here learn children from age 5 to 11) and Secondary school (from 11 to 18 years old). The Primary school consist of 6 steps, and Secondary school education can be devoted into 2 parts. First it is 5 steps after which children can leave Secondary school after they pass 11 GCSE exams( General Certificate of School Education), but they can also stay at school or in collage for more 2 years. Most Secondary schools in GB are comprehensive for example state school s which take children of all abilities. About 7% of students go to privet schools. This schools don’t receive any money from state and they are usually single sex, and children live there during tern-time. Most pupils in GB schools wear school uniform. The favorite colors for it are: blue, gray, black and marron.
After Secondary school only 25% of Students continuos education and go to universities. GB Universities are not open to every one it depends on your last year in school. And your A-level results. For example the Nottingam university accepting students it the have 2 Bs and a C in A-level.
In Russia the education system is different. All children must learn from 1 stage to 9 it is obligatory education. After which pupils pass 5 exams. They can leave school or stay for 2 years more (10 and 11 grades) . it is High secondary school education. At the end of 11 form all pupils must pass 6 exams. 2 of them are identically to all. It is written literature and mathematics . in schools with the profound study of languages (foe example English) the exam on this subject is considered composure . other 3 or 4 exams pupils choose themselves. During the last form many pupils usually attends to the courses of the university they had chosen. In Russia everybody could enter the university, but he must pass entrance exams. In every university they are different.
11 . You like your flat and your district. Speak in fever of the place.
I live in Moscow, in North Orekhovo - Borisovo district. It is situated in the South of the city. In my district there is Tzarizansky park . It is a very old park and it has it own interesting history. Catherine I liked the village called “Black mud” and she ordered architectures Kazakov and Bazhenov to build there a residence, but as the name of the village was not appropriate for a summer residence of empress it was decided to rename it to Tzarizano. When everything was ready Catherine I didn’t like the building of Big Palace and the architects began to remake it but they didn’t finish their work. For the many years it remained unfinished. But about 5 or 7 years ago old buildings were restored. A lot of people like to walk there and breathe fresh air . It is very important that in our district there is a forest. It cleans the air. Ecology conditions in our district are bad as the winds from the North bring polluted air, also in our district there are a lot of industrial projects. For example near my house the Tobacco fabric “Ducat” are situated. I live in a 3 room flat. There are 2 bedrooms, a living room, and a kitchen. In my room there is a wardrobe , a bed, a desk ,a computer, a tape recorder and some pot plants. In the kitchen there is a table with chairs , a refrigerator , a microwave oven , roaster, and a TV set. In the living room there is a sofa, a TV set , a hi-fi system and a table with chairs. Besides Tzarizansky park there is another historical place in our district Kolomenskoe .It is a park too. In warm days it is very pleasant to walk there with friends . I like my district because nowadays a lot of new interesting shops and places opened here and in has become more modern. Certainly it is a pity that out district is situated very far from the center of Moscow and it takes me a lot of time to get there, but near my house there is Domodedovskaya metro station which is very good. The only thing I wish is a better ecological situation in our district and then everything will be OK .