Топик: Сравнительные степени прилагательных и наречий (Comparison) Модальные глаголы (Modal Verbs) Цепочки существительных (Атрибутивная, номинативная группа) (Chains of nouns)

bad > worse

  • far > farther/further


    Use of Comparative Adjectives

    We use comparative adjectives when talking about 2 things (not 3 or 10 or 1,000,000 things, only 2 things).

    Often, the comparative adjective is followed by 'than'.

    Look at these examples:

    • John is 1m80. He is tall. But Chris is 1m85. He is taller than John.

    • America is big. But Russia is bigger.

    • I want to have a more powerful computer.

    • Is French more difficult than English?

    If we talk about the two planets Earth and Mars, we can compare them like this:


    Earth

    Mars


    Diameter (km) 12,760 6,790

    Mars is smaller than Earth.

    Distance from Sun (million km) 150 228

    Mars is more distant from the Sun.

    Length of day (hours) 24 25

    A day on Mars is slightly longer than a day on Earth.

    Moons 1 2

    Mars has more moons than Earth.

    Surface temperature (°C) 22 -23

    Mars is colder than Earth.


    Superlative Adjectives

    Comparison is between 2 things: "A is bigger than B."

    A       B

    But the superlative is the extreme between 3 or more things. "A is the biggest."

    A       B       C

    Formation of Superlative Adjectives

    As with comparative adjectives, there are two ways to form a superlative adjective:

    • short adjectives: add '-est'

    • long adjectives: use 'most'

    We also usually add 'the' at the beginning.

    Short adjectives

    1-syllable adjectives old, fast
    2-syllable adjectives ending in -y happy, easy

    Normal rule: add '-est'

    old > the oldest

    Variation: if the adjective ends in -e, just add -st

    late > the latest

    Variation: if the adjective ends in consonant, vowel, consonant, double the last consonant

    big > the biggest

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