Топик: Топики по английскому языку за 11 класс
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
The poisoning of the world's land, air, and water is the fastest - spreading disease of civilization.
Overpopulation, pollution and energy consumption have created such planet wide problems as massive deforestation, ozone depletion, acid rains and the global warming that is believed to be caused by the greenhouse effect.
The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The Mediterranean is already nearly dead; the North Sea is following. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in the seas.
Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become extinct twenty years from now.
Air pollution is а very serious problem. In Cairo just breathing the air is life threatening — equivalent to smoking two packs of cigarettes а day. The same holds true for Mexico City and 600 cities of the former Soviet Union.
Industrial enterprises emit tons of harmful substances. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains.
An even greater environmental threat are nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are.
People are beginning to realize that environmental problems are not somebody else's. They join and support various international organizations and green parties. If governments wake up to what is happening — perhaps we'll be able to avoid the disaster that threatens the natural world and all of us with it.
Famous people.
Every country has it’s own great people: scientists, poets and writers, politicians, musicians, composers and actors. But I would like to tell you about the great British politician Sir Winston Churchill.
Winston Leonard Churchill was without doubt the ruling figure in British politics during the 1st half of the 20th century. He was born in 1874. His mother was American, the daughter of a New York businessman; his father belonged to an English aristocratic family. He was given the typical education of that period for the person of his background. From 1895 until 1899 he combined the jobs of soldier and journalist in Cuba, India and Sudan. In 1899 he resigned from the army and began his political career. He was an active and popular member of the Conservative Party, but later he changed his political views and joined the Liberal Party. He won many political victories and had as many failures.
In 1910 he became Home Secretary, but he lost some of his popularity when he used the army to help the police put down the miners’ strike. For some years he was out of office and spent his time writing and painting. In the twentieth he returned to Conservative Party.
In 1924 he was elected to Parliament. In 1940 Churchill was appointed Prime Minister. He formed a coalition government with the war cabinet of five; he was Prime Minister until 1945.
He returned once more as Prime Minister in 1951. Highly regarded as a painter, Churchill also received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953 for his account of the Second World War. He predicted that an “Iron Curtain” would divide Europe from north to south and this left his mark on the period of the Cold War. He died in London in 1965.
Generation Gap.
Most people say that а family is very important for them. They like to repeat that families give them а sense of tradition, strength and purpose in their lives. ’’Our families show what we are", they say. Most parents teach their children to respect elder people and observe holidays. But the most important thing for а family is to give an emotional support and security. The right family values help boys and girls to gain confidence and resist the influence of bad friends.
Teenagers often consider their parents old-fashioned, unaware of the latest style. As for their parents they do their best to give their children а better chance than they had themselves. After finishing school children often try to get complete independence, they leave their homes and sometimes even their native towns. Staying with parents has its negative and positive aspects but children must understand that parents don' t want to do them any harm. That's why sometimes young people have to listen to criticism from their parents.
Some people often speak about the so-called "generation gap" that is а gap in views between parents and teenagers, but the majority of people think that this generation gap is sometimes exaggerated. Very often children feel neglected in their families. When they find cruelty, indifference and misunderstanding in their families they become divide and heartless themselves. As а result children feel hurt and some of them try to escape from the reality by tuning to alcohol and drugs. So all of us should pay more attention to family problems, we must avoid quarrels and look for consent. We must remember about spiritual values and all people should live in peace and harmony.
Музыка играет огромную роль в нашей повседневной жизни. Она сопутствует нам везде: на телевидении и радио, дома, и даже в школе. Куда бы мы ни пошли вечером в кафе или бар, в клуб или на дискотеку - везде нас встретит музыка. В таких заведениях музыка является неотъемлемой их частью, потому что она поднимает настроение посетителей, делает обстановку уютней и главное веселей.
Что касается меня, я с удовольствием слушаю музыку. Музыка помогает мне всегда. Когда я скучаю или у меня плохое настроение, я обязательно слушаю музыку, она всегда поднимает мне настроение и делает все окружающее более веселым, когда у меня отличное настроение, я обязательно включаю что-нибудь веселое и заводное и чувствую себя на вершине блаженства. У меня большое количество различных кассет и CD-дисков с самой различной музыкой от классики до рока. Из музыки мне нравится все, что хорошо звучит, но больше всего мне нравится современная музыка, потому что я современный человек и стараюсь идти в ногу со временем.
Из современных музыкальных исполнителей мне больше всего нравится американская группа “The Offspring”. Мне нравится их музыка, потому что она энергичная и динамичная, но особенно мне нравится тексты песен этой группы, они бывают иногда грустными, иногда ироничными, но никогда скучными, потому что в них говорится о проблемах молодежи, обо всем, что волнует современное общество. Я мечтаю побывать когда-нибудь на концерте этой группы.
Из классики мне больше всего нравятся произведения Моцарта. Я восхищаюсь талантом этого великого музыканта и композитора. Он сочинял музыку, играл на скрипке и клавесине в 5 лет тогда, когда другие дети еще не умеют читать. За свои 34 года жизни он написал 18 опер, 50 симфоний, 30 концертов для фортепьяно, огромное количество сонат и песен. Особенно мне нравятся три самых знаменитых симфонии Моцарта. Это симфония № 39, в ней показана жизнь человека с ее трудностями и радостями, это симфония № 40, в ней показана глубокая лирическая поэзия человеческой души, и это симфония № 41 (Юпитер), в ней показан весь мир, вся Вселенная с ее контрастами и противоречиями.
Music plays a very important role in our daily life. We are accompanied by it everywhere: on TV and radio, at home, and even at school. Wherever we go in the evening to cafe or bar, to club or to a disco - everywhere we will be met by music. In such places music is their integral part, because it raise the spirit of the visitors, makes the atmosphere more comfortable and more cheerfully.
As for me, I listen to music with pleasure. Music always helps me. When I am bored or have a bad mood, I always listen to music, it always raises my spirit and makes entourage more cheerful, when I have an excellent mood, I turn on music, something cheerful and active and I feel myself on the top of bliss. I have a lot of cassettes and CDs with the different music from classics to rock. From music I like everything, that sounds well, but most of all I like modern music, because I am a modern man and I try to go together with the time.
From the modern performers I like the American group " The Offspring " most of all. I like their music, because it is energetic and dynamic, but most of all I like the texts of songs of this group, they are sometimes sad, sometimes ironic, but never boring, because it is spoken there about problems of youth, about everything, that troubles a modern society. I dream of visiting sometimes a concert of this group.
From classics I like Mozart most of all. I admire the talent of this great musician and composer. He composed music, played on a violin and clavecin, when he was 5 years, when other children are not able to read yet. During the 34 years of life he wrote 18 operas, 50 symphonies, 30 concerts for a piano, a lot of sonatas and songs. Especially I like three most famous Mozart’s symphonies. It is the symphony № 39, it shows there the life of the man with her difficulties and pleasures, it is the symphony № 40, it shows there the deep, lyric and poetry of human soul, and it is the symphony № 41 (The Jove), it shows there all world, all universe with its contrasts and contradictions.
Reading in 0ur Life
I’m fond of reading. In my opinion, books аre а source of emotional inspiration and romantic feelings. Reading is very useful, because books enrich our experience with that of the other people. Besides, books help me to continue my own education.
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