Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15th,1452,at Vinci,a small town near Florence in Italy. полностью текст
Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15th,1452,at Vinci,a small town near Florence in Italy. полностью текст
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Leonardo da Vinci
born April 15, 1452, Anchiano, near Vinci, Republic of Florence [ now in Italy]
died May 2, 1519, Cloux [ now Clos-Lucé], France
Leonardo da Vinci excelled as a painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, andscientist. He had endless curiosity. Leonardo wanted to understand howthings worked. He wanted to put down on paper what he saw. He leftthousands of pages of drawings and notes that recorded his thoughts.
GOOD AT EVERYTHING
Leonardo was born in 1452 in the small town of Vinci, near Florence, Italy. Hehad little schooling and was largely self-taught.
Leonardo seemed to be good at everything he tried. He was handsome, agood speaker, and a fine musician. He trained as a painter with Andrea delVerrocchio, a leading artist in Florence. Leonardo later worked for dukes andkings.
HIS MOST FAMOUS PAINTINGS
Leonardo produced a relatively small number of paintings, and he left someof them unfinished. But he had original ideas that influenced Italian artistslong after his death. Leonardo believed painting was a science. He appliedscientific thinking in his art so that his paintings looked more like the realworld. One of his most important painting techniques was sfumato, ablending of one area of color into another so there are no sharp outlines.
Leonardo used sfumato in one of his most famous paintings, the Mona Lisa. When you look at this portrait, notice how colors shade into each other onher face and hands. See how Leonardo has blurred the edges of her mouth togive her the hint of a smile. This mysterious smile has fascinated people forcenturies. It looks as if Mona Lisa’s expression might change at any momentbecause of the way Leonardo has softened the edges of the mouth, eyes, andcheeks. She seems almost alive.
Many people consider a mural by Leonardo known as The Last Supper to behis masterpiece. Christ, seated in the middle of The Last Supper, has justannounced that one of his 12 apostles will betray him. Leonardo places thefigures in this painting in a way that increases the drama of theannouncement. Christ is the calm center. His body, which is set slightly apartfrom the others, forms a stable triangle. The apostles are arranged in fourgroups, some leaning toward Christ and some leaning away. Their gesturesand the expressions on their faces reveal their reactions to Christ’s words.
HIS DRAWINGS AND NOTEBOOKS
Drawing was Leonardo’s favorite tool. He said that drawing was a better wayof communicating ideas than words were. He drew catapults and warmachines. He drew the muscles and skeletons of human beings and otheranimals. He drew clouds, swirling water, and storms. He designed churchesthat were never built.
Leonardo’s drawings and theories are contained in numerous notebooks. Hisideas were far in advance of what other people were thinking at the time. Butthe notebooks were not published during his lifetime. Had his notebooksbeen published, they might have revolutionized scientific thinking in the1500s. Leonardo’s deep love of research was the key to both his artistic andscientific endeavors.
Leonardo was also quite active as a military engineer, beginning with his stayin Milan. But no definitive examples of his work can be adduced. The Madridnotebooks revealed that, in 1504, probably sent by the Florentine governingcouncil, he stood at the side of the lord of Piombino when the city'sfortifications system was repaired and suggested a detailed plan foroverhauling it..
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