Реферат: Jospeh Freeman

so changed that it is better.

We know their dream; enough

To know they dreamed and are dead;

And what if excess of love

Bewildered them till they died?

All changed, changed utterly–

A terrible beauty is born.

[Candide bows]

Thank you, gentlemen.

(EXIT CANDIDE. END OF COMEDY)

Toward the end of his life, Walt Whitman wrote a poem in which he said that everything

he had ever written had one purport – Freedom; yet freedom eluded his songs.

Freedom is not only the hardest thing in the world to achieve; it is the hardest thing in

the world to write about; for freedom is at once the deepest of human desires and the

greatest of the world’s riddles.

Ours is a world where there is no darkness without light and no light without darkness.

This is the ying and the yang of Chinese thought. Out of the great darkness comes great

light; out of the great light, great darkness, (and out of great darkness again great

light.)

The hopes of the Puritan Revolution are followed by the defeat of that revolution and

the despair which the Restoration brought to lovers of liberty. Milton voiced the hope in

his great pamphlet; the mitigated despair in great Samson Agonistes.

In The Prelude, Wordsworth voices the tremendous hopes roused by the French

Revolution, then the tremendous disappointment, then the refuge in reason, friendship and

love.

The Thirties opened with many American and European writers immensely enthusiastic

about the Russian Revolution, by that time a decade and a half old. Before the Thirties

were over, most of them were disappointed in and many of them were hostile to the Stalin

regime, which they felt had brutally, cynically and with unparalleled cruelty betrayed the