Реферат: Sports Medicine Essay Research Paper Participation in

fitness, power, and flexibility. It also includes the development of proper body

mechanics, forms, and agility. Lower extremity injuries can generally be lessened by

strengthening exercises. Stretching exercises can be used to avoid muscular strains.

Staying in shape during the off-season may involve running stairs and jogging in place at

home.(Mercier 294)

Warming Up

Beginning any activity gradually will reduce the incidence of injury, especially

injury to the muscle-tendon unit. Stretching is especially important to avoid strain.

Flexibility is often diminished after a long period of inactivity, and stretching is

particularly important when resuming a sport. Two types of stretching exercises may be

performed. Static stretching is a slow, gradual stretching through full movement, and

holding at the position for ten to twenty seconds before relaxing. A pulling sensation, not

pain, should be felt. Ballistic stretching, which involves rapid, repetitive movements, is

also occasionally used but is generally less effective and may even cause minor muscular

tears. It is usually not recommended.(Mercier 295)

Cooling Off

Proper habits after rigorous exercise permit muscles to cool off adequately and to

dissipate heat. After running, it is usually advised not to simply stand still or lie supine

but to walk for five to ten minutes and then rest in a sitting position. This may be

especially important for the cardiac status of the individual. If the exercise is stopped

abruptly, blood pooling can occur in the legs causing syncope, Hypertension, and

arrhythymias.(Mercier 295)

First Aid

The American Red Cross defines first aid as ?the immediate care given to a person

who has been injured or has suddenly been taken ill.? First aid is immediate aid. Every

effort should be made to get the injured athlete to advanced care. This first aid

administrator should stabilize the victim and then arrange for transportation.

A basic understanding of self-help and home care begins with the first aid kit.

There are many places that athletes need a first aid kit- in the car, office, backpack,