Реферат: The development of sustainable tourism in Turkey
3 United States 56 million
4 China 54.7 million
5 Italy 43.7 million
6 United Kingdom 30.7 million
7 Germany 24.4 million
8 Ukraine 23.1 million
9 Turkey 22.2 million
10 Mexico 21.4 million
www.wikipedia.org
In arrivals, France holds to its first position ahead of Spain and the USA, while in receipts the USA ranks first, France third and Spain maintains second place. China and Italy alternate in 4th and 5th position, in both rankings followed by UK and Germany(UNWTO World tourism barometr) .
France
France attracted 81.9 million foreign tourists in 2007 (surpassing its population), a 3.8% increase compared to 2006, making it the most popular tourist destination in the world.[1] This 81.9 million figure excludes people staying less than 24 hours in France, such as northern Europeans crossing France on their way to Morocco , Spain or Italy in summer.(www.wikipedia.org)
France’s tourism policy is conducted by the Minister of State, attached to the Minister for the Economy, Finance and Employment, responsible for Consumer Affairs and Tourism. It was essentially defined at two interministerial committee meetings on tourism in 2003 and 2004 and has three major thrusts:
·Strengthening France as a destination so as to increase tourist visits;
·Furthering the tourism economy by adapting what France has to offer to tourists’ demands through quality-related measures;
·Better ensuring access for everyone to holidays in promoting social tourism.
Tourism is a pillar of the French economy, it accounts for 6.3% of GDP and
generates 2 million jobs directly or indirectly. Tourism is the third leading sector when it
comes to job creation. Tourism revenues stood at €35 billion in 2006 versus €32.8 billion in
2004. (Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs, 2007)
Spain
Spain is the world's second biggest tourist destination after France. The tourism sector accounts for about 11 per cent of the country's jobs and gross domestic product. Tourism in Spain was developed during the last years of Francisco Franco’s dictatorship, when the country became a popular place for summer holidays, especially for tourists from the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Scandinavia. Since then Spain has been the second most visited country of the world after France. In 2007 almost 60 million foreign tourists were received, according to tthe World Tourism Organization, that has its headquarters in Madrid. Spain's tourism spending annually is over £46 Billion, the highest tourism spending in any nation worldwide except the USA with $74 Billion.
(www.wikipedia.org)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
The contribution of Travel & Tourism to Gross Domestic Product is expected to decline from 16.3% (EUR180.3 bn or US$251.5 bn) in 2009 to 15.0% (EUR297.6 bn or US$380.5 bn) by 2019.
Employment
The contribution of the Travel & Tourism economy to employment is expected to fall to 3,381,000 jobs in 2009, 17.0% of total employment or 1 in every 5.9 jobs to 3,827,000 jobs, 15.6% of total employment or 1 in every 6.4 jobs by 2019.
Growth
Real GDP growth for Travel & Tourism economy is expected to be -4.9% in 2009 and to average 1.9% per annum over the coming 10 years.