Дипломная работа: Modal verbs

He frightened her – I had to yield him my last date before Bill came. (F. Scott Fitzgerald0

I shall have to reconsider my position.

He is always having to exercise judgment.

My impression was that he was having to force himself to talk.

I have had to remind you of writing to her all this time.

The women at barfed had had to be told that an experiment was taking place that day. “As a matter of fact,” he said, “I’ve been having to spend some time with the research people.”

It wouldn’t have been very nice for the David’s sons to have to mix with all those people in the smoking-room.

Having to work alone, he wanted all his time for his research.

The interrogative and negative forms of the modal verb to have to are built up by means of the auxiliary verb to do.

E.g. Why do I have to do everything?

Did he have to tell them about it?

“That is all right,” she said. “I just thought I’d ask. You don’t have to explain .”

There was a grim on his face. He did not have to tell me that he already knew.

The verb to have to serves to express obligation or necessity imposed by circumstances.

It is rendered is Russian as приходится, вынужден .

In this meaning it is found in all kinds of sentences – affirmative, interrogative and negative – and is combined only with the simple infinitive.

E.g. I am afraid you will have to go to the court.

They will have him back. (Они заставят его вернуться)

Did he have to do it? He did not have to do it.

If you go abroad, no matter how you are traveling, you have to go through the customs. (M. Spark)

The negotiations might fail. In that event the Government would have to decide what to do. (Morning star)

I have to revise other ideas about her. (F. Scott Fitzgerald0

In negative sentences to have to denotes absence of necessity.

E.g. You don’t have to go there. (Вам нет необходимости идти туда).

You mustn’t go there. (Вам нельзя идти туда).

In spoken English the meaning of obligation and necessity is also expressed by have (has) got to . Like the verb to have to it is found in all kinds of sentences and is combined with the simple infinitive.

E.g. He has got to go right now.

Has he got to go right now?

He hasn't got to go just yet.