Курсовая работа: Доминантность степеней сравнения в произведении Л. Керролла "Алиса в Зазеркалье"
В данной курсовой работе сравнения будут классифицированы по рассмотренным в теоретической части работы принципам, а именно: принадлежность к определенной части речи, количество слогов, степень сравнения (сравнительная или превосходная), использование в тексте исключений.
Итак, в произведении встречается наибольшее количество степеней сравнения наречий (около 65% от общего количества):
- I don't think they can hear me, - she went on, as she put her head closer down, - and I'm nearly sure they can't see me. [2; 14]
- I should see the garden far better , - said Alice to herself, - if I could get to the top of that hill: and here's a path that leads straight to it - at least, no, it doesn't do that. [2; 26]
Indeed, once, when she turned a corner rather more quickly than usual, she ran against it before she could stop herself. [2; 27]
Наиболеечастовстречаемыестепенисравнениянаречий– производныесловfast (She felt as if she would never be able to talk again, she was getting so much out of breath: and still the Queen cried - Faster ! Faster ! [2; 40]) , good (- But if you HADN'T done them, - the Queen said, - that would have been better still; better , and better , and better ! - Her voice went higher with each - better , - till it got quite to a squeak at last. [2; 97]) .
При этом в тексте встречается также большое количество степеней сравнения прилагательных (около 35% от общего количества):
My dear! I really MUST get a thinner pencil. [2; 19]
The most curious part of the thing was, that the trees and the other things round them never changed their places at all: however fast they went, they never seemed to pass anything. [2; 40]
- I never say anybody that looked stupider , - a Violet said, so suddenly, that Alice quite jumped; for it hadn't spoken before. [2; 32]
Что касается количества слогов в слове, в произведении используются степени сравнения как односложных, так и многосложных слов.
Здесь мы можем отметить, что наиболее часто используются степени сравнения односложных слов:
- Then two are cheaper than one? - Alice said in a surprised tone, taking out her purse. [2; 111]
The shop seemed to be full of all manner of curious things - but the oddest part of it all was, that whenever she looked hard at any shelf, to make out exactly what it had on it, that particular shelf was always quite empty: though the others round it were crowded as full as they could hold. [2; 103]
Her voice went higher with each – better. [2; 97]
Также очень распространено использование степеней сравнения двусложных слов:
- You won't make yourself a bit realler by crying, - Tweedledee remarked: - there's nothing to cry about. [2; 82]
In another moment she felt the carriage rise straight up into the air, and in her fright she caught at the thing nearest to her hand. which happened to be the Goat's beard. [2; 54]
And it certainly DID seem a little provoking (- almost as if it happened on purpose, she thought) that, though she managed to pick plenty of beautiful rushes as the boat glided by, there was always a more lovely one that she couldn't reach. [2; 108]
Нечастоиспользуютсястепенисравнениятрехсложныхслов:
And this one is the most provoking of all - but I'll tell you what - she added, as a sudden thought struck her, - I'll follow it up to the very top shelf of all. [2; 104]
The most curious part of the thing was, that the trees and the other things round them never changed their places at all: however fast they went, they never seemed to pass anything. [2; 40]
Использование в тексте исключений из правил не несет смыслового характера. Онииспользуютсянарядусдругимисловами, например:
So she went on, wondering more and more at every step, as everything turned into a tree the moment she came up to it, and she quite expected the egg to do the same. [2; 112]
Having four feet, these managed rather better than the foot-soldiers: but even THEY stumbled now and then; and it seemed to be a regular rule that, whenever a horse stumbled the rider fell off instantly. [2; 138]
- I didn't say there was nothing BETTER , - the King replied. - I said there was nothing LIKE it. [2; 143]
- And I'VE got a toothache! - said Tweedledee, who had overheard the remark. - I'm far worse off than you! [2; 88]
Рассматривая наличие сравнительной и превосходной степеней сравнения, можно заметить, что сравнительная степень встречается гораздо чаще:
However, the egg only got larger and larger , and more and more human : when she had come within a few yards of it, she saw that it had eyes and a nose and mouth; and when she had come close to it, she saw clearly that it was HUMPTY DUMPTY himself. [2; 113]