Реферат: Computer Simulation Essay Research Paper Computer Simulation

exercise. The model must also be able to link to other copies of itself to support larger exercises. The simulation must also be able

to support multiple, concurrent, smaller training exercises, such as several battalion headquarters training independently. (ii)

Weather. The simulation must accurately portray the impact that weather elements have on operations (space, air, and ground).

At a minimum, the simulation must account for the following weather elements: cloud amount and height, visibility, restrictions to

visibility (e.g. precipitation, fog, smoke, dust and sand), precipitation accumulation, surface wind direction and speed, temperature,

relative humidity, altimeter setting, and solar and lunar light data. These weather elements must be allowed to range from tropical

to arctic regions, to vary over the geographic area of interest, and to change as often as hourly. In addition, wind direction and

speed and temperature in a vertical profile up to 70,000 feet must be allowed to impact Nuclear Biological and Chemical NBC)

weapons with changes incorporated at least twice per day. (iii) Terrain. The simulation must provide a level of resolution of terrain

such that tactical considerations of terrain analysis and the dynamic effects of man-made or natural occurrences (e.g. bomb

craters, minefields, battle damage on roads, the obstacle effect of rivers, hydrography, and weather) as considered during

Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB) will affect the battle. The minimum acceptable tactical considerations include the

following areas: the impact of line-of-sight (to include sonar and electromagnetic spectrum considerations of concealment, thermal,

optical and radar visibility, and signal site emplacement) between potential interactors whether they be sensors or weapon systems,

air, ship, or ground mounted; the ability of terrain to support the movement of personnel, vehicles and units over time, and the

accurate portrayal of the location of natural and man-made obstacles. The outcomes of the simulated events must be sensitive to

changes in the weather (described above in paragraph 4.a.(1)(a)(ii)) as it affects terrain. (iv) Time. The simulation must be

capable of running faster than real time to a pre-defined point in time or an event, while requiring minimal input, and providing

summarized output. Users must be able to “age” the simulation to accommodate a training scenario that describes actions in the

midst of a campaign. The senior controller must be able to have the simulation start, stop/interrupt, rollback to any specified point

in scenario, restart from a given point or the initial conditions and conduct concurrent replay. The senior controller must have the

capability to change any attributes of the simulated entities or the game characteristics at any time. (b) Conditions and Constraints.

(i) Scenarios. The goal is for the simulation to portray events that could arise from scenarios based on any point in the operational

continuum. At a minimum, requirements are for scenarios for war in Europe, Southwest Asia, Southeast Asia and Korea and for

operations other than war in these locations as well as Central and South America and Africa. (ii) Fidelity. The simulation must

allow commanders and battle staffs to do their tasks under the conditions and standards outlined in the Army Training and

Evaluation Program Mission Training Plans (MTPs) for command groups and staff referenced in Appendix 1 to Annex A. (iii)

Level of Detail. The simulation must be able to portray a level of detail that captures the effects of individual entities on the battle,

e.g., single weapon platform, emitter, and sensor systems. Entities that operate near each other as cohesive units can be portrayed