Английский язык
The USA
The United States of America is the fourth largest country in the world (after Russia, Canada, and China). It occupies the southern part of North America and stretches from the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean. It also includes Alaska in the north and Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The total area of the country is about nine and a half million square kilometres. The USA borders on Canada in the north and on Mexico in the south. It also has a seaboarder with Russia.
The USA is made up of 50 states and the District of Columbia where the capital of the country, Washington, is situated. The population of the country is about 250 million.
If we look at the map of the USA, we can see lowlands and mountains. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Cordillera, and the Sierra Nevada. The highest peak is Mount McKinley, which is located in Alaska.
America's largest rivers are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Rio Grande, and the Columbia. The Great Lakes on the border with Canada are the largest and deepest in the USA.
The climate of the country varies greatly. The coldest regions are in the north. The climate of Alaska is arctic. The climate of the central part of the country is continental. The south has subtropical climate. Hot winds blowing from the Gulf of Mexico often bring typhoons. The climate along the Pacific coast is much warmer than that of the Atlantic coast.
The USA is a highly developed industrial country. It is the leading producer of copper and oil and the worlds second producer of iron ore and coal. On the industrial enterprises of the country they produce aircrafts, cars, textiles, radio and television sets, weapon, furniture, and paper.
Though mainly European and African in origin, the Americans are made up from nearly all races and nations, including the Chinese and the native Americans — Indians.
The largest cities are New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit, San Francisco, and others.
The United States is a federal republic consisting of 50 states, each of which has its own government. The seat of the central (federal) government is Washington, D. C. According to the Constitution of the USA, the powers of the government are divided into 3 branches: the executive, headed by the President, the legislative, exercised by the Congress, and the juridical. The Congress consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. There are two main political parties in the USA: the Republican and the Democratic.
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2.4.
Write the following questions in reported speech.
1. I said to Boris, "Does your friend live in Lon¬don?" 2. I said to the man, "Are you living in a ho¬tel?" 3. Nick said to his friend, "Will you stay at the Hilton?" 4. He said to me, "Do you often go to see your friends?" 5. She said to me, "Have you sent them a telegram?" 6. She said to me, "Did you send them a telegram yesterday?" 7. I said to her, "Can you give me their address?" 8. I said to my mother, "Did anybody come to see me?" 9. Oleg said to me, "Will you come here tomorrow?" 10. He said to us, "Did you go to the museum this morning?"
2.5.
Write the following questions in reported speech.
1. I said to Nick, "Where are you going?" 2. I said to him, "How long will it take you to get there?" 3. He said to her, "Where do you usually spend your summer holidays?" 4. Ann said to Mike, "When did you leave London?" 5. Boris said to them, "How can I get to the railway station?" 6. Mary asked Tom, "What time will you come here tomor¬row?" 7. She asked me, "Why didn't you come here yesterday?" 8. They said to him, "What time does the train start?" 9. Mother said to me, "Who has brought this par¬cel?" 10. I said to Becky, "What kind of book has your friend brought you?"
2.6.
Write the sentences in reported speech.
1. She asked me: “Don’t close the window.” 2. They said to us: “Come at five o’clock tomorrow.” 3. The doctor advised to him: “You must spend your holidays in the south.” 4. My friend suggested to me: “I can bring you this book.” 5. Andy said: “I prefer CD books.” 6. Julia told: “We met Pete in the library yesterday.” 7. Jane wondered: “Who are you waiting here?” 8. Kate wanted to know: “Have you ever traveled abroad?” 9. Father said to us: “I’ll arrange everything for the trip next week.” 10. The boy told his mother: “I have been learning this poem for half an hour.”
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(из прямой речи в косвенную)
Rewrite the statements in reported speech.
1 “ We’re meeting Tom today”, they said.
2 “ You must call the office to check it”, she said to her son.
3 “ We didn’t take photos during our trip”, they told me.
4 “ This has been my best chance ever!” the boy told his friends.
5 “ I spent last summer travelling”, she said.
6 “ You can collect your books tomorrow”, he told me.
7 “ Mary will return from Paris next week”, he said.
8 “ You are not allowed to park here”, the policeman said.
9 “ I’m reading to find more information”, she said.
10 “ How old is the Sphinx?” the man asked.
11 “ Call me from your office when you arrive”, she said to me.
12 “ Do not forget to take your umbrella”, Kate said to Mike.
13 “ What time are we leaving tomorrow?” John asked.
14 “ Send me a letter”, Nick said to Jane.
15 “ Excuse me, what time does the next bus leave?” he asked.
