Дипломная работа: Expressive means and stylistic Devices

1. The best pens of the world

A sweet smile

Stly as a fox

Buloqning ko`zi

Tog`ning yon bag`ri

Oq oltin, zangori ekran

2. with his mousing walk

Buttoned strictness of his coat

O`ychan oqshomlar

Erning oppoq ko`rpasi

Solsovuldek yuzlar

In the first case we have trite SDs, in the second-fresh, genuine SD.

Speaking about SDs we must mention the cases when two or more EM or SD meet at one point, it one utterance. Such clusters of SDs are called convergence. “Together each SD adds its expressivity to that of the others. In general, the effects of these SDs converge into one especially striking emphasis” (M. Riffaterre) For example: When everyone had recovered George said; “She put in her thumb and pulled out a plum”. Then away we were into our merciless hacking-hecking laughter again. (S.M.Maugham).

Mushtipar opalarimiz, fidoyi yanga va singillarymiz tiriklikningtuganmas yumushlary deb o`n besh-yigirma yoshlaridayoq “Qush uyqu”, o`ttiz yoshlarida esa o`tin bo`lib qolmoqdalar…(Saodat jurnalidan)

In this Uzbek examples mushtipar, fidoyi, yumush, qush uyqu, o`tin is convergence.

In English examples we find the convergence of several SDs: decomposition of a proverb (to put one’s thumb into smth), a bring case of an onomatopoeia in the function of an epithet (Hacking-hecking), inversion (adverbial modifier stand before the subject).

“ … and heaved and heaved still unrestingly heaved the black sea as if its vast tides were a conscience. Here the convergence comprises repetition, inversion and simile”.[5]

II. Main part

2.1 Lexical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices

Transferred meaning is the interrelation between two types of the lexical meaning: dictionary and contextual. The contextual meaning always depends on the dictionary meaning. But when the deviation is very great that it ven causes an unexpected turn in the logical meaning, we register a stylistic device. In other words we may say: when we witness two meanings of the word realized simultaneously we are confronted with a SD, where two meanings interact.

2.2 International mixing of the stylistic aspect of words

Heterogeneity of the component parts of the utterance is the basis for a stylistic device called bathos. Unrelated elements are brought together as if they denoted things equal in rank or belonging to one class, as if they were of the same stylistic aspect. By being forcibly linked together, the elements acquire a slight modification of meaning.

"Sooner shall heaven kiss earth—(here he fell sicker)

Oh, Julia! What is every other woe? —

(For God's sake let me have a glass of liquor;

Pedro, Battista, help me down below)

Julia, my love!—(you rascal, Pedro, quicker)—

Oh, Julia!—(this curst vessel pitches so)—

Beloved Julia, hear me still beseeching!"

(Here he grew inarticulate with retching.)

Such poetic expressions as 'heaven kiss earth', 'what is every other woe'; 'beloved Julia, hear me still beseeching' are joined in one flow of utterance with colloquial expressions—'For God's sake; you rascal; help me down below', 'this curst vessel pitches so'. This produces an effect which serves the purpose of lowering the loftiness of expression, inasmuch as there is a sudden drop from the elevated to the commonplace or even the ridiculous.

As is seen from this example, it is not so easy to distinguish whether the device is more linguistic or more logical. But the logical and linguistic are closely interwoven in problems of stylistics.