Реферат: Sports Violence Essay Research Paper AbstractThis report
susceptible to injury. Physicians have noticed an increase in sports-related
injuries in children (Hellstedt, p. 59).
What can be done to curb the outpouring of violence in sports?
Physical educators and coaches are in a key position to lay the groundwork
for positive attitudes in sports. Guidelines for teaching children to shun
violent behavior in sports include:
(a) Put sports in perspective. Coaches should not emphasize winning at all
cost. Enjoyment and the development of individual skills should be the
objective. Coaches should be alert to and praise improvement. Athletic
performance should not be equated with personal worth (Coakley, p. 106). Players
should not be encouraged or allowed to play when injured or ill, as a
demonstration of stoic virtue.
(b) Stress participation. Hellstedt (p.70) cites studies that show that many
children ages 9-14 drop out of sports because they spend too much time on the
bench and not enough on the field. They perceive themselves as unsuccessful
because their level of performance doesn’t earn them more playing time. A study
of young male athletes indicated that 90% would rather have an opportunity to
play on a losing team than sit on the bench of a winning team.
(c) Present positive role models. Sports violence is most prevalent in
professional sports. Coaches should avoid symbolic associations with
professional teams–e.g. names, logos. They should not model their own coaching
techniques on those of professional coaches (Coakley, pp. 107-8). Weiser and
Love (p. 5) recommend that school coaches implement strategies to foster
feelings of team ownership among players, replacing the traditional
hierarchy–authoritarian coach, submissive players–that governs the
coach-player relationship in professional sports. Encourage input, permit
participation in decision-making, and listen to player feedback. Feelings of
team ownership foster team cohesiveness, which in turn leads to better
performance.