Английский язык
Выписать и перевести на русский язык по одному предложению с:
а) существительным в функции определения;
б) существительным в притяжательном падеже;
в) конструкцией “there + be”.
Из вот этого текста:
1. The courts of criminal jurisdiction include: the magistrates’ courts, which try the less serious offences and conduct preliminary inquires into the more serious offences; Crown Courts which try such cases as: homicide, violence against the person (excluding homicide), sexual offences, burglary, robbery, theft and handling stolen goods, fraud and forgery, criminal damage and other offences.
2. Magistrates’ courts deal with about 98% of criminal cases in England and Wales, and conduct preliminary investigations into more serious offences. Every district has a magistrates’ court. The Crown courts, situated in a number of towns and cities, take all criminal work above the level of magistrates’ courts and trials are held before a jury. 14
3. Magistrates’ courts hear and determine charges against people accused of “summary offences”, that is those that can be legally disposed of by magistrates sitting without a jury. Magistrates, or Justices of the Peace, as they are also called (JPs for short), are advised on points of law and procedure by a clerk to the justices or an assistant who is legally qualified and is also in charge of the court’s administrative arrangements. Most magistrates have little training in law, though they are obliged to attend some appropriate courses. They receive no payment for their work.
4. Magistrates can only try people for minor offences and cannot usually give prison sentences totalling more than six months. If after hearing all the
evidence they decide that the crime is a serious one, they must send the accused for trial to a higher court – the Crown Court.
5. A person convicted by a magistrates’ court may appeal to the Crown Court against the sentence or conviction. When the appeal is on a point of law, either the prosecutor or the defendant may appeal from the magistrates’ court to the High Court, which sits in London and in some regional centers. Appeals from the Crown Court, either against conviction or against sentence, are usually made to the Court of Criminal Appeal. The court may annul the conviction, or it may reduce the sentence. The highest court of appeal is the House of Lords.
6. In inner London and in some other large urban areas where work is heavy and continuous, there are also professional “stipendiary” magistrates who are full-time, salaried and legally qualified. There are only about forty stipendiary magistrates in England, and a few in Wales.
7. In most places, however, the magistrates are Justices of the Peace, who have been appointed by the Lord Chancellor on the advice of special advisory committees, of which there is one for each county. They are usually people who hold prominent positions in their locality, and many of them are drawn from the upper classes. Some steps have been taken recently to choose the new justices from wider social backgrounds. 15
8. Magistrates’ courts are sometimes called “courts of summary jurisdiction” or “petty sessions” of “police courts”. When a court sits it must have at least two justices on it, and not more than seven. The justices take turns at attending court sessions.
9. The office of magistrates dates back to the year 1360, when they were designed to be a kind of policemen, whose duty was to search out and arrest offenders, as well as to give evidence against them at their trials. In the course of time they acquired such a wide range of duties that by the middle of the nineteenth century they were almost entirely responsible for the government of counties. However, towards the end of the nineteenth century the establishment of other administrative authorities, in particular County Councils in 1888, relieved the county magistrates of their governmental responsibilities, leaving them judicial functions.
ТЕКСТ И ЗАДАНИЕ. ПОМОГИТЕ ПРОШУУУ
The United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland
To the west of the continent of Europe lie
two large islands. The
larger of them is called Great Britain, and the
smaller, Ireland. These
two and 5,500 smaller islands form the British Isles.
203
The island of Great Britain consists of England, Scotland and Wales. The isle of Ireland is divided into Northern Ireland and the Irish Re public. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland form the Unit ed Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The UK (the United
Kingdom)
is the
official name
of the country, occasionally
referred to
as Great Britain, which is, strictly speaking, only a geographic name.
Great
Britain
is washed by
the Atlantic Ocean and the
Irish Sea
from the west, by the North Sea from the north and west. It is separated
from
the European
continent
by
the English Channel. The narrowest
part
of
the English Channel is called the Strait of Dover. The UK is not
a very
large country. Its territory is about 244,000 square kilometers,
and
no
point of the
country
is
more than 120 kilometers away from
the sea.
At the same time, the population of the UK is the third largest in Europe, comprising about 60 million people. It is incorrect to call ev erybody who lives in the United Kingdom “English”, as this is the name only for those who live in England. The residents of Wales are named Welsh, while the people of Scotland are called Scottish. The correct common name for English, Scottish and Welsh is British. Those
who live in Northern Ireland are called Irish.
The climate
of the
British
Isles is generally mild; it
is seldom cold
in winter and
never
too
hot
in summer. This is due to the warm
current of the Atlantic Ocean,
Gulf Stream. Britain was always known
as the country
of fogs,
but
now it is not quite so
because of the
climatic changes: there is maybe less fog than in any other European country.
There are no high mountains and long rivers in the UK. The highest
mountain is Ben Nevis in the Highlands of Scotland, and the
longest
rivers are the Severn and the Thames.
Geographically, the UK has a very convenient position, being
locat
ed on the crossroads from Europe to America. This is one of the rea sons why Britain was (and is up to the present time) one of the leading world powers. The capital of the country is London. It is situated on the river Thames.
Britain has an ancient and glorious history. It used to be the great empire “where the sun never sets”. It gave the world many famous scientists, writers, political leaders and explorers, such as Newton, Dar win, Drake, Shakespeare, Churchill and others.
For centuries monarchs ruled Britain. The constitutional monarchy is still preserved in the country, though it is practically no more than a
tradition and
a
tribute
to
the past. Queen Elisabeth II is Head of State.
Her power is limited by
the parliament, which is elected every four
years. The leader of the party that has won the majority during the elections becomes the Prime Minister. In fact, he becomes the head of state and forms the Cabinet. The second largest party forms the official Opposition.
11. Find in the text the English equivalents of the following word combinations and use them in the sentences of your own:
иногда называемая;
никогда не бывает слишком жарко;
строго говоря;
меньше туманов, чем;
омывается;
удобное местоположение;
отделена;
древняя и славная;
третье по величине;
раньше была;
называются;
вторая по величине
Помогите написать маленькое сочинение на английском языке со словами: рубашка, штаны, ботинки, свитер, кепка, плащ, шарф, перчатки, шорты, футболка, кроссовки
