Курсовая работа: The place of “Macbeth” among Shakespeare’s tragedies

И рука все еще пахнет кровью. Никакие

ароматы Аравии не отобьют этого запаха

у этой маленькой ручки! (стр. 548) Макбет хоним:

Қўлимдан ҳали ҳам қон иси бурқсияптию

Арабистоннинг бутун мушки анбар –

лариям шу кичкина қўлчалардан бу исни аритолмайди! (IV. I. 123 б)[6]

This reveals without doubt who is responsible for the crimes, and shows that Lady Macbeth is no more able to free herself from conscience than her husband is.

She is not seen again. A cry of women is heard when Macbeth is pufting in order the defences of his castle so as to be ready to face a siege, and this cry announces her death. She, too, has been unable to sleep, and her mind has become disturbed. (Malkolm and others believe that she took her own life). To Macbeth, when he hears the news, life seems puzzling and without value. He has lost his best support and from now on he must fight alone.

Lady Macduff plays a small but much – loved part in the tragedy, since in a world of evil she and her son represent confused and lovable simplicity. Her husband has left her, she does know why. Rosse tries to explain that Macduff has fled for his country’s good, but Lady Macduff is unconvinced, and bitterly grieved:

All is the feat, and nothing is the love;

As little is the wisdom, where the flight

So runs against all reason. (IV.II. 12–14)

Rosse himself does not seem to be really convinced, and is near to lears. He leaves and there is an exchange between Lady Macduff and her son in which the tragedy of the situation is heightened by what at first seems artful word – play on the subject of husbands and fathers, although this is really a cover to feelings of tender love. The confusion reaches its height when Macbeth’s agents Murder Lady Macduff, although she has done no harm.

The Witches represent the most important supernatural element of the play, but «witch» is not a good word to denote them, for they are much more powerful and more evil than the simple, stupid old women who as «witches» were supposed (stupid old) by some to do harm to individuals through the use of magic powers. The word witch is, in fact, used only once in Macbeth (other than in the stage directions): the sailor’s wife mentioned by the first witch (I.III.) called her «witch» and was evidently severely punished for it. Elsewhere the women are called «the weird sisters», i.e. the sisters of fate. But even this file is unadeguate, since, whatever they claim to have done to their other victims, they do not bring fate to Macbeth.

In stead they try to persuade him to do wrong, or invite him to do it by deliberately deceiving him about what the future will hold. They embody evil and the respect which normal human beings give to good; they chant together «Fair is foul, and foul is fair» at the end of the first scene. For Macbeth they represent the bad forces struggling for his soul; his conscience warns him against them, and by wordplay, which is one form of deception.

To Banquo, who is less inclined than Macbeth to ignoble ambitions, they are content to prophecy, and their prophecies are favourable; his children are to be kings even though Macbeth, not he, will win the throne. To Macbeth they give some much needed encouragement; in he demands to know what they are doing, perhaps in order to find out if their influence can be furned to good account. In reply they bring up apparitions which foretell the future. The first warns him that Macduff will be a sourse of trouble to him; the second and third deceive him with hopeful prophecies which prove with evil forces, for before his last visit to the weird sisters tells his wife:

2.1.2 Sadulla Akhmad’s translation

Macbeth himself is as humane in his reflections as he is inhumane in his acts. Like lago he is a woralizing villain, but his moralizing is not clever aphoristic display. It comes from his heart sometimes like an echo of ancient folle beliefs, If will have blood, they say: blood will have blood. Stones have been known to more and trees to speak; angures and understood relations have (forth). By maggot – pies and choughs and rooks brought forth. The seevet’st man of blood – what is the night? (III. 4. 122–126)

Макбет:

Он хочет крови. Кровь смывают кровью.

Преданье есть: сходили камни с мест,

Деревья говорили, и по крику

Сорок, грачей и галок колдуны

Разыскивали скрытого убийцу.

Который час?

Макбет:

Ҳа, қонсираб келибди, у, қонни қон ювар.

Ровийлардан эшитганман: қачон тош кўчиб,

Дов – дарахтлар тилга кирса, қрға қағиллаб,