Курсовая работа: The problems of oral translation
The language in which an interpreter has to take notes is the source language. Note-taking is a help for short-term memory. It reflects basic thoughts of the source text. The system of note-taking is based at widely spread abbreviations and individual own symbols.
Symbols and abbreviations used in note-taking must meet the following requirements:
- they should be understandable, easy to write and to decode;
- to be universal and easy to remember;
- they should mean definite notion, symbol, sense, which appears clearly and monosemantically both in linguistic and extra linguistic context;
- to be recognizable at the given moment of speaking and translating.
In order to read and interpret the notes easily you should place them downward in diagonal way. The first level is subject group, the second level is predicative, the third level is Direct Object and the fourth level is Indirect Object.
Model:
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Some examples of the symbols used in the note-taking:
MP – Member of Parliament
VIP – Very Important Person
G-7 – Group of seven
Common used abbreviations:
CIS – СНГ (Commonwealth of Independent States)
EU – European Union
RF – Russian Federation
US – United States
UK – United Kingdom
UN – ООН (United Nations Organization)
MOW – Moscow
NY – New York
LON – London
CEO – chief executive officer
JV – joint venture
FTZ – Free trade zone
P – President
VP – Vice President
I/V – investment
↑I – growth of inflation