Учебное пособие: Разработка двух уроков английского языка для средней школы
2. С какой целью употребляется PresentPerfect: чтобы обратить внимание собеседника на возможность самого события или на время его совершения?
Форму PresentPerfect следует раскрывать как систему значимых единиц, элементов языкового сообщения посредством сопоставления и противопоставления формообразования PresentIndefinite, PresentContinuous, PresentPerfect.
Вопросительная и отрицательная формы вводятся методом сравнения.
Сравните следующие предложения и скажите, как образуются вопросительная и отрицательная формы настоящего совершенного времени:
1. They have finished their work. Have theyfinished their work? Yes, they have. No, they have not. What have theyfinished?
2. Nick has explained a new rule to Ann. Has Nickexplaineda new rule to Ann? What hasNickexplained to Ann? What hasNickdone? Who hasexplaineda new rule to Ann?
После фонетической отработки форм глагола tohave и PastParticiple, необходимых для урока правильных и неправильных глаголов, следует перейти к языковым и условно-речевым упражнениям со зрительной опорой на грамматическую таблицу.
Для закрепления PresentPerfect в устной речи учащихся используется серия упражнений:
1. Mr. Brown has mixed up some places of interest in our country. Correct his mistakes.
e.g.: I have been to the Pushkin Museum in Minsk.
2. Ask your friend what places of interest he/she has been to. e.g.: Have you been to the Kremlin?
3. Say what you have done today. Follow the model, please. e.g.: I have read an interesting story today.
4. Complete the following situations:
e.g.: Lena is cleaning the table. Now the table is clean. Ann ... (Ann has cleaned the table).
5. Say what interesting event has taken place in your life (at school) this year.
e.g.: My parents have presented me with a watch, etc.
6. Respond the statements and make them real by adding «already», «just», «not yet».
e.g.: P1.: I have finished school.
P2.: I haven't finished school yet.
7. Express your surprise:
e.g. Т .: John has read all the books by Jack London?
P.: Has he really read all the books by Jack London.
8. Ask your friend if he has done these actions. e.g.: Т .: We have cleaned our desks. And Peter?
P1.: Peter, have you cleaned your desk? P2.: Yes, I have.
9. Say what you or anybody else haven't done yet and why? e.g.: I haven't seen the film because I have no time.
10. Ask and answer the following situations. e.g.: My sister is out. Where ... (to go)?
11. Guess what your classmate has just done outside the door.
12. Complete the sentences and decide whether you must add «for» or «since»:
e.g.: Kate (play the piano) ... 1985.